From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: Received: from smtp.gentoo.org (woodpecker.gentoo.org [140.211.166.183]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by finch.gentoo.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id F19EB1582EF for ; Tue, 25 Feb 2025 22:17:17 +0000 (UTC) Received: from lists.gentoo.org (bobolink.gentoo.org [140.211.166.189]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits)) (No client certificate requested) (Authenticated sender: relay-lists.gentoo.org@gentoo.org) by smtp.gentoo.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id DB17E3432B4 for ; Tue, 25 Feb 2025 22:17:17 +0000 (UTC) Received: from bobolink.gentoo.org (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by bobolink.gentoo.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4DDC111047A; Tue, 25 Feb 2025 22:16:11 +0000 (UTC) Received: from mout.gmx.net (mout.gmx.net [212.227.15.19]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (256/256 bits) key-exchange ECDHE (prime256v1) server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256) (No client certificate requested) by bobolink.gentoo.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 761D01103AC for ; Tue, 25 Feb 2025 22:16:09 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmx.de; s=s31663417; t=1740521761; x=1741126561; i=warp_7@gmx.de; bh=3Ubq40bXbUTcqDDY10e46FeIyIR0+4PLCGwFuByltGM=; h=X-UI-Sender-Class:Date:From:To:Subject:Message-ID:References: MIME-Version:Content-Type:In-Reply-To:cc: content-transfer-encoding:content-type:date:from:message-id: mime-version:reply-to:subject:to; b=bVRY1FcKy3DgCSrxkqPv/eqtphdXTcqM7xib46etedu02JUmhk+uktfbaIESzJTW lYPgO11UpwYF/6YvAfR22dA4e/Dzjut30gnJp7Ro7vsXuuJbAU6dgDYkdq8TPlIc3 W4o2oXAT0Ax0uFO33CpU4Su0RvZnt4/46Yy2f8rcmo+bnY5gvxdZVCvkGyJzWiV+V 7Hl7ZjMafaCc+Zsf+scNpBPrn1zNzNaLsOFnuPtHdZXWQokNzzP7aAc/Inl0hKRQX f/HmGlR3ebg9/vfyoZ2ef5FkWXM5mEn592+nrsU5rRmOrNzGGOZUrvAPCaNsQ6lqO mN3Z3pVnMPYTuKKfpw== X-UI-Sender-Class: 724b4f7f-cbec-4199-ad4e-598c01a50d3a Received: from q ([89.245.63.117]) by mail.gmx.net (mrgmx004 [212.227.17.190]) with ESMTPSA (Nemesis) id 1MUGi9-1tvXgA3AQ7-00PFfX for ; Tue, 25 Feb 2025 23:16:01 +0100 Date: Tue, 25 Feb 2025 23:16:00 +0100 From: Frank Steinmetzger To: gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org Subject: Re: [gentoo-user] m.2 nvme stick not what I was expecting at all. Message-ID: Mail-Followup-To: gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org References: <135d5fea-e868-d548-440b-50c381ef5ccc@gmail.com> <6ed177d5-9e78-ea09-08be-1ed09c6ff17f@gmail.com> Precedence: bulk List-Post: List-Help: List-Unsubscribe: List-Subscribe: List-Id: Gentoo Linux mail X-BeenThere: gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org Reply-to: gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org X-Auto-Response-Suppress: DR, RN, NRN, OOF, AutoReply MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/signed; micalg=pgp-sha512; protocol="application/pgp-signature"; boundary="IIUjyRoWufzRzLPX" Content-Disposition: inline In-Reply-To: <6ed177d5-9e78-ea09-08be-1ed09c6ff17f@gmail.com> User-Agent: Mutt 2.2.14; VIM - Vi IMproved 9.1 X-Provags-ID: V03:K1:IHR6NXdAzqdQ1K8C1K2r/wYuW+he6yU8juNyE62wh7EgzBdBB2z iT8DNIcsYDuVmZh/DDsPR2HyeGVx79TfL38VQmenCjGkYTpQ8KvE712apdi9eW3n7NlL1G/ f/k8QeUAKBwAq5d4wRplkCo+X5Bq5IS0HYRMY6GJ9DDP5CnH2dJOGv506Pzbxu02I+GwE8T j4Vmh/UHkFzhr0HeuH84Q== X-Spam-Flag: NO UI-OutboundReport: notjunk:1;M01:P0:6jqw4WLJtdI=;T0EIgt1TQuZ8mHP7S0Z3Pk+eXah 0zRE24iPcxprStxXuvJ36fJmcm1/jIeDh51tdDTU4QU5cDXYeS+2Ny9oWBasdCZH4+tu54C1W y1kaRb0QZR8CVdg3wBpUVvUnX1h0Sb2HuVbYfWcK1p5+u6U4aBDWqoZ8ddMyqBDCZKhuLXKJp 6CYSNc41/EQBZrEF12NZTkL/f0PFg1XUSM1SQmM2O0wkPBM9U4pH+ixSqJT0TeIbBw/HrRm/W aPApeNKgp5NHgpieEuq91VzHIjdfY1Dwu/sNufi04fmxSVnh3lAT7X/v3bSsyAjvVUYWzziXO 5rCTNiYYrA3f/PuOo/+wEjorw6KlMzXzgU0jWGD963RT3eTNvvYbG5h+Ows3cmb4/DdTkg1fd j5w5a2x4etwJDgGQFZbOBVif7IafCj1Tvk5RQchtMch1kc90IboJbxMYkkpGcnoHLppsCJyxV +Wz54FU6z/q2wlzE9ZbRj0C3XXyfdqENL9tR7Vx16h/zk28DnDpTOSh8Hy8Wq8l8v3lnXZDUg Jm9PrfMkRbQ20IbvV9H3qsPCwYWt5LeFqv4xQ1bHL+dhcGCb0cBZd50Ct0JdghCQidPXUitTU VYdyQH6B2AG/qvvaliXRqfFxIoL1EufgAy50UyLv5VguV8Gt/A1b+0n49PPGn4PGM8LcA3zyl XYN55Z7ln0L7vHtIiaoabNVFm07jPw9L8vSgAHO1oywGdilczhBRzwjO5VVQCuSQCn2WO29xs I3AVD+a8AndhMjr2UPuyGwbLPFicXVXu0seN+vq53tvtaAvXXiz9TFVt/SxMJ4EoSdU+xpDUo scpp3KrbDHi8JlimrNmuEwvobXSwJ3/6EfaRReAHSndmKc1Rr8nJPP2GzgfJNyWC652pqAznl F83N2S1my8GG/vavTxo9/PQV+7TayXqisiVnPJpkq0/B8u0FUkNI6xSTFs0xWugOqGIAbxBh/ 6xwBV7h2IVvLair/uxwo3CYy25O+cHMDeIeyxlEex72h+fH8NacJBm+5/TpnP7nrv3HrtphiO N7Y/sRmsU7aqQAnvDlm/pgNJkvntVk8drby+P0gi9odu08+yCUQlN9YVIcBrw7XSy8SoJgLnA IdBgjAnfB4b0rZYl0MzwpUtwtWTkbRa3cMfa6wEPbbF+asjDlEdyhJa8fBdHIrp0bofVarNPR Zsi1v017OF6CCkjrJx2JxabesH663CwStWd0O5oaxHl00/6VQoVVBSvTwtiGvUsnJoJjcDfIL DbjLF6lIdxqffYVSpHUht4DEVVwpMqnjYuFQDMwy2cAOViiSVWgZhEva0Iycd/Ztn03S7kAqC VOkFC8wowwBCq7HIudtkZ7UQLSmAYPxP144vZtJdwGa43qBGb2xdgf8jcOn/I1Ua34feYvCuF YcHPPzuWZ1GMhlEhLQ1ho0U71UlZ0wIVVuJ99Mep1HNADgHNNIk9odmIld X-Archives-Salt: 8b81ffa3-71ae-4197-9270-0ca8e01a502d X-Archives-Hash: 8e2a6a5db71977f1bcfe65cb7f695f04 --IIUjyRoWufzRzLPX Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Am Mon, Feb 24, 2025 at 09:56:49PM -0600 schrieb Dale: > > The USB 3 family starts at 5 Gbps. All but the cheapest boards have at = least=20 > > one 10 Gbps USB, either as USB-A or USB-C. Some at the back, some as a = new=20 > > internal connector for a USB-C socket at the case front. Still rare are= USBs=20 > > with 20 Gbps. But I think your board was quite a good model, no? I trie= d to=20 > > find it out by perusing old threads, but they are a bit confusing at ti= mes.^^ > > > > I found mentions of Asus Prime X670-P and of Asus B550 Plus. The former= has=20 > > a 20 Gbps socket, the latter only provides 10 Gbps. > > >=20 > I started out with the X670 I think but ended up with the B550.=C2=A0 The > B550 had more PCI slots. I needed expansion options.=C2=A0 The AM5 mobo j= ust > don't have it. Well then, The ASUS Prime B550-Plus has two USB ports that deliver 10 Gbps;= =20 one type A and one type C. The fastest A can usually be made out by having = a=20 different colour than the rest. The =E2=80=9Cslow=E2=80=9D 5 Gbps is typica= lly mid-blue as=20 it has been since the beginning of time. (Plus on the Prime, the fast A is= =20 grouped with the C in one socket pair). > I was sitting here thinking on which file system to try first.=C2=A0 Then= it > hit me.=C2=A0 I didn't know if this would work or not, but I figured it > wouldn't hurt to try.=C2=A0 I just took the m.2 stick thingy and plugged = it > into my phone.=C2=A0 It popped up and said something about not being read= y to > access and did I want to format it. > [=E2=80=A6] > Anyway, I found this thing called File > Manager plus.=C2=A0 I used it to copy the picture directory and then past= e it > on the m.2 stick.=C2=A0 My Samsung S9 phone is likely USB 1, maybe 2. It=E2=80=99s typically 2.0. The premium ones come with USB 3 these days. I = don=E2=80=99t=20 think there are any devices on the consumer market these days that still=20 have 1.0, that would be 1.2 MB/s. > Oh, copying from m.2 stick to my puter hard drive, seconds.=C2=A0 I used = the > type C USB port which is likely the fastest and it hit close to > 300MBs/sec.=C2=A0 Keep in mind, this is pictures with a few videos.=C2=A0= Small > files tend to be slower.=C2=A0 Still, pretty good.=C2=A0 A lot better tha= n USB 1.0 > days.=C2=A0 300 MB/s is ok-ish, but that=E2=80=99s not even SATA speed. Something may s= till be=20 amiss here. What may be interesting is whether the partition is properly=20 aligned. If not, this can incurr huge performance penalties. Also, what doe= s=20 hdparm -t say? Out of curiosity, what does hdparm say when the enclosure is= =20 attached to a 5 Gbps and to a 10 Gbps port? I took my very first SSD ever from my desk drawer, a 10=C2=BD year old low-= end=20 Sandisk 128 GB SATA, sitting in a USB enclosure. Back then, even cheap SSDs= =20 used MLC flash, which may be the reason why it never =E2=80=9Cforgot=E2=80= =9D anything and=20 is still snappy. Since I use it as photo backup, it contains the same file= =20 sizes as your phone copy, so it=E2=80=99s perfect for comparison. The only= =20 difference is that I use f2fs on LUKS, so no FUSE involved. I ran the command: "tar cf /dev/null /path/to/SSD/" and saw a transfer spee= d=20 of 390 MB/s. Then I did the same with my internal 970 Evo Plus, that=E2=80=99s a PCIe 3.= 0=C3=974. Tech=20 reviews back then reached around 2500 MB/s, which is actually about the=20 speed I reach with hdparm -t. I ran the same tar command again, and reached 1700 MB/s. *face of dissapoin= tment* And this brings me to another nifty tool that I wrote a while back. :D :D It gives you a distribution of file sizes. I wrote it when I wanted to find= =20 out the optimal record size for my NAS=E2=80=99s ZFS pool. Because by tunin= g the=20 record size to the most prevalent file size, you can optimise ZFS storage= =20 efficiency. For my main photo archive: File size histogram: size <=3D count histogram cumulative s= ize histogram 0 B 10 ........................................ 0 B = =2E....................................... 1 kiB 29 ........................................ 11.7 kiB = =2E....................................... 4 kiB 62 ........................................ 162.9 kiB = =2E....................................... 16 kiB 123 ........................................ 1.1 MiB = =2E....................................... 64 kiB 46 ........................................ 1.7 MiB = =2E....................................... 128 kiB 236 #....................................... 22.8 MiB = =2E....................................... 256 kiB 892 ##...................................... 171.5 MiB = =2E....................................... 1 MiB 3699 #########............................... 2.0 GiB = #....................................... 4 MiB 6214 ###############......................... 15.7 GiB = #####................................... 16 MiB 16302 ######################################## 116.2 GiB = ######################################## 1 GiB 719 ##...................................... 47.8 GiB = ################........................ bigger 2 ........................................ 6.5 GiB = ##...................................... So most files are between 4 and 16 MiB in size. But there is a considerable= =20 data volume of files between 16 MiBs and 1 GiB, so basically videos or mayb= e=20 some RAWs. The photo backup SSD is even more unequivocal, as those are photos straight= =20 =66rom the camera that I haven=E2=80=99t edited yet. Therefore they are all= around=20 8..10 MiB. I tend to edit photos and save them in JpegXL, resulting in size= s=20 between 200 kiB and 2 MiB. size <=3D count histogram cumulative s= ize histogram 0 B 0 ........................................ 0 B = =2E....................................... 1 kiB 48 ........................................ 21.2 kiB = =2E....................................... 4 kiB 45 ........................................ 90.9 kiB = =2E....................................... 16 kiB 36 ........................................ 261.5 kiB = =2E....................................... 64 kiB 11 ........................................ 371.5 kiB = =2E....................................... 128 kiB 8 ........................................ 855.1 kiB = =2E....................................... 256 kiB 39 ........................................ 7.0 MiB = =2E....................................... 1 MiB 61 ........................................ 34.9 MiB = =2E....................................... 4 MiB 533 ###..................................... 1.5 GiB = #....................................... 16 MiB 6969 ######################################## 57.2 GiB = ######################################## 1 GiB 172 #....................................... 16.4 GiB = ###########............................. bigger 7 ........................................ 20.8 GiB = ###############......................... --=20 Gr=C3=BC=C3=9Fe | Greetings | Salut | Qapla=E2=80=99 Please do not share anything from, with or about me on any social network. =E2=80=9CWhen I get home I think I should have a second-generation chrome b= ook in the mail. Just because for some odd reason Google sends me these things.= =E2=80=9D =E2=80=93 Linus Torvalds --IIUjyRoWufzRzLPX Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name=signature.asc -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iQIzBAABCgAdFiEEVbE9o2D2lE5fhoVsizG+tUDUMMoFAme+QSAACgkQizG+tUDU MMqSlw//ctU5RCs4FCRM7w/urvd4b9mSOyRX+0PobcrZhii0qFu0UWCUOZtEj9MX Iec85OAnX3vUq20UzF4uNCULIBe8Oeu4EiVN8PDle88xLm3KwZ8d0XpChHQXgbz7 Daev+K1Qtr2Be/hRqWL+RfISvBAyHvJkbOFgN/516JQEPZRNKTw8EtuV+QniVyb/ 1gT4ICTgSXgZynJYmfGNFYT3ZtzUi4w60s3oWciNi0lHyeyVez8D1i72KO8FtZkH bLOyzt0mvpzal5ri7pY0GweZyoFifqllGUwxuWOaBeQRs4joZM2WXsjMpPJ2IZCM xSSA1buLYt/Tt4EqnQRMoZixijHhv/16sGyd+uvQaYQMFLmuNs8gaTu+IwxmHg0d eI5B2m7w66VqzSTGJNVQDKDWDK+OwnGFrsFpBtaUMKvMwdr2Sf7X8kol4vX/rwyv Ez1RLzh8RpV4rN0x9zMQzah/QjVoy+8j96W+S4x+LJQ8m3iLLAKOBpnuxjhkxBln cCr8sYL317G+eZDFDF4eU3+qgbTVrmMeFycedds8EFF4yMAA8VC7RusiE4OG0qnh T9/U+99lwGmG5fK8r+4jSkslbhF8UglJ5dj26LO1xfYavZf+OaRnb0CBYC24tkBB zWo62Fh6XewlIaZKhAPMsFkn2zRV7MU/0zqVzOA1XnolWAFapwU= =s86M -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --IIUjyRoWufzRzLPX--