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This will align your >partition=20 >> > optimally. In addition, mkfs.ntfs will use 4096 bytes as the >default cluster=20 >> > size, so you should be good in that respect. >> >=20 >> > Another setting you may want to try is mounting the USB with >'big_writes' -=20 >> > check the man page. This should help particularly with large >files, which=20 >> > will use larger blocks up to 128KB when copying data to the NTFS. >>=20 >> Both, the VeraCrypt command line (--fs-options=3Dbig_writes) and the >Vera- >> Crypt GUI (under "Settings --> Preferences") allow setting this >mount >> option. But >>=20 >> $ mount | grep veracrypt >>=20 >> never shows it, initially causing me to erroneously believe it >wasn't >> set and to try finding on the web another way of setting it. By >pure >> chance I finally found out that >>=20 >> $ ps -ef | grep veracrypt >>=20 >> lists a "/usr/sbin/mount.ntfs" task which shows the options really >in >> effect. However, I haven't yet had the time to test the effect of >this >> option when writing plenty of really big files. I will report on >that >> later. > >Well, it's been quite a while, due to my being almost permanently >con- >fronted with more pressing tasks ... :-( > >To sum up my experience with my new 128 GB Philips USB 3.0 sticks: >while >the Philips sticks are significantly faster for reading operations >than >my old 64 GB Verbatim ones (probably USB 2.0), writing operations to >the >Philips sticks are unbearably slow, regardless of whether I created >a >normal unencrypted NTFS filesystem on them or an encrypted NTFS >filesys- >tem using VeraCrypt. Writing to the USB stick while at the same >time >reading from it in a different terminal window caused commands like >"cd" >or "ls" to simply stall. Thus while running > > $ cp --preserve=3Dtimestamps -ru $source_dir . > >in one terminal window, I ran > > $ while true > > do n=3D$(ps -ef|g 'cp --preserve'|g -v grep) > > if [[ "$n" =3D "${o-}" ]] > > then sleep 10 > > else o=3D"$n" > > echo "$n" > > fi > > done > >in another, to get the wall clock times when copying a new file >began. >That way I found that copying a 30 MB file took about 40 minutes. > >So what are my options? > > - Stay away from Philips USB 3.0 sticks? > > - Stay away from Philips USB sticks in general? > > - Stay away from USB 3.0 sticks in general? > > - Stay away from Filesystem in User Space using a non-stable 5.10 or > 5.11 kernel (currently I'm using stable 5.4.97)? > > - Stay away from Gentoo? > > - Stay away from Linux in general and go back to OTOS (aka the Only > True Operating System aka Windoze)? > > - ...? > >Any ideas and comments welcome ... > >Sincerely, > Rainer There are a number of things which might be going on here. To start with, you can get the kernel, user, and wall clock run times for c= ommands by prefixing it with "time". So: time cp Will get you more precise answers with much less effort. As for the performance of the USB drive in question, there are a few things= that might be tripping it up. Firstly, writing flash memory is significantly slower than reading it. Som= e drives deal with this by having some kind of internal cache mechanism. M= any deal with it by using a pile of smaller chips instead of one big one an= d striping the writes. If the Phillips drive just used a few large chips i= nstead, then it's just slow to write to and there isn't much you can do abo= ut it. I've seen a lot of cheaper drives that are that way. Double check that the alignment and block size are correct for the drive's = internal structure. That can cause some pretty massive performance hits if= it's incorrect. You can also check the output of the dmesg command for any errors the syste= m is encountering with regard to the drive. I don't know of any reason to stay away from usb 3.0 on Linux, but if you h= ave USB 3 devices on both ends and try to hook them together with a USB 2.0= or 1.1 rated cable that could easily cause some problems... I assume you'= re plugging the drive straight into the machine's socket. If you're using = the front panel though try one of the ones on the back. There may be somet= hing up with the case wiring. I've never had a Phillips USB stick, so maybe do some tests with another br= and of stick and see if it has the same problem. Kingston or SanDisk or so= mething. One of the ones where memory is their primary focus. =20 You could definitely check performance on a different OS. There may be dri= ver-related performance issues on this model of drive or even this specific= drive. Instead of NTFS you could also try UDF. It's supported on both Linux and W= indows Vista and newer. (And even XP I think, but only an older revision o= f the filesystem.) Being an open standard it is quite a bit more stable on= Linux than NTFS, doesn't need a userspace driver, and still supports large= r drives and files. You can find Linux and Windows formatting instructions= on the web pretty easily. Big thing is that on Windows it's available via= the format command, but not in the GUI. That's all I can think of at the moment. Hope it helps. LMP