From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: Received: from lists.gentoo.org (pigeon.gentoo.org [208.92.234.80]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by finch.gentoo.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 850021382C5 for ; Mon, 14 Dec 2020 10:02:58 +0000 (UTC) Received: from pigeon.gentoo.org (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by pigeon.gentoo.org (Postfix) with SMTP id 0437AE0A6E; Mon, 14 Dec 2020 10:02:53 +0000 (UTC) Received: from mail-gw.thundermail.uk (mail-gw.thundermail.uk [149.255.60.70]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by pigeon.gentoo.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 9E68CE0977 for ; Mon, 14 Dec 2020 10:02:52 +0000 (UTC) Received: from mailgw01.thundermail.uk (mail-gw.thundermail.uk [149.255.60.66]) by mail-gw.thundermail.uk (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 63A426001D4D for ; Mon, 14 Dec 2020 10:02:50 +0000 (GMT) X-ASG-Debug-ID: 1607940169-0554130f652680b80001-LfjuLa Received: from cloud307.thundercloud.uk (cloud307.thundercloud.uk [149.255.58.40]) by mailgw01.thundermail.uk with ESMTP id JGk2dDspUgI9hav5 (version=TLSv1.2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 bits=128 verify=NO) for ; Mon, 14 Dec 2020 10:02:49 +0000 (GMT) X-Barracuda-Envelope-From: confabulate@kintzios.com X-Barracuda-Effective-Source-IP: cloud307.thundercloud.uk[149.255.58.40] X-Barracuda-Apparent-Source-IP: 149.255.58.40 Received: from lenovo.localdomain (230.3.169.217.in-addr.arpa [217.169.3.230]) by cloud307.thundercloud.uk (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 909F3C8BD9C for ; Mon, 14 Dec 2020 10:02:48 +0000 (GMT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=kintzios.com; s=default; t=1607940169; bh=kxbsV41D7O6SdZkjGwhMZufKGTGiqm8vOzHMPxZmFLU=; h=From:To:Subject; b=VlIcaqEQUwXvkP+4wyR/Pj2YmbKCeY1R/96QE1Xx/jvmwRlh+GMfwu66EgmUQV9Vg zTXbRc9u2zTVbsSH7Iib87Re54uD9fg0Joh9ipbSlgspBdFhrujQctm2vTl/IhoiYe qAKu72rBwiYIcQI/ud2zvAtSIyOS852cCApnO0l4= Authentication-Results: cloud307.thundercloud.uk; spf=pass (sender IP is 217.169.3.230) smtp.mailfrom=confabulate@kintzios.com smtp.helo=lenovo.localdomain Received-SPF: pass (cloud307.thundercloud.uk: connection is authenticated) From: Michael To: gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org Subject: Re: [gentoo-user] [SOLVED] fsck.fat 4.1 - File system couldn't be fixed [SOLVED] Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2020 10:02:41 +0000 X-ASG-Orig-Subj: Re: [gentoo-user] [SOLVED] fsck.fat 4.1 - File system couldn't be fixed [SOLVED] Message-ID: <5125695.Sb9uPGUboI@lenovo.localdomain> In-Reply-To: <20201214054146.415BCE0A03@pigeon.gentoo.org> References: <39170f4b-9baf-0b27-0e94-1404f7f2c0ec@sys-concept.com> <2630185.BEx9A2HvPv@lenovo.localdomain> <20201214054146.415BCE0A03@pigeon.gentoo.org> Precedence: bulk List-Post: List-Help: List-Unsubscribe: List-Subscribe: List-Id: Gentoo Linux mail X-BeenThere: gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org Reply-to: gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org X-Auto-Response-Suppress: DR, RN, NRN, OOF, AutoReply MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/signed; boundary="nextPart1855200.yKVeVyVuyW"; micalg="pgp-sha256"; protocol="application/pgp-signature" X-PPP-Message-ID: <20201214100249.3604201.27235@cloud307.thundercloud.uk> X-PPP-Vhost: kintzios.com X-Barracuda-Connect: cloud307.thundercloud.uk[149.255.58.40] X-Barracuda-Start-Time: 1607940169 X-Barracuda-Encrypted: ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 X-Barracuda-URL: https://149.255.60.66:443/cgi-mod/mark.cgi X-ASG-Orig-Subj: Re: [gentoo-user] [SOLVED] fsck.fat 4.1 - File system couldn't be fixed [SOLVED] X-Virus-Scanned: by bsmtpd at thundermail.uk X-Barracuda-Scan-Msg-Size: 2280 X-Barracuda-BRTS-Status: 1 X-Barracuda-Spam-Score: 0.00 X-Barracuda-Spam-Status: No, SCORE=0.00 using global scores of TAG_LEVEL=1000.0 QUARANTINE_LEVEL=1000.0 KILL_LEVEL=1.9 tests= X-Barracuda-Spam-Report: Code version 3.2, rules version 3.2.3.86516 Rule breakdown below pts rule name description ---- ---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- X-Archives-Salt: 58c6f8a8-a51b-4986-bdcf-b3043c358b62 X-Archives-Hash: 80a7a86737a2ab78f91deac932a0420a --nextPart1855200.yKVeVyVuyW Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7Bit Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"; protected-headers="v1" From: Michael To: gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org Reply-To: confabulate@kintzios.com Subject: Re: [gentoo-user] [SOLVED] fsck.fat 4.1 - File system couldn't be fixed [SOLVED] Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2020 10:02:41 +0000 Message-ID: <5125695.Sb9uPGUboI@lenovo.localdomain> In-Reply-To: <20201214054146.415BCE0A03@pigeon.gentoo.org> References: <39170f4b-9baf-0b27-0e94-1404f7f2c0ec@sys-concept.com> <2630185.BEx9A2HvPv@lenovo.localdomain> <20201214054146.415BCE0A03@pigeon.gentoo.org> On Monday, 14 December 2020 05:41:46 GMT Thomas Mueller wrote: > Excerpt from Michael: > > Right, on UEFI MoBos the ESP partition used by the UEFI firmware to locate > > and run *.EFI executables must be FAT32. Such .EFI executables stored on > > the ESP may be OS boot managers/loaders, or other UEFI compatible > > applications. The boot manager loaded by UEFI is then left to its own > > mechanisms (boot loader and fs drivers) to load whatever fs the kernel > > image resides on. > > Is it necessary for the ESP to be FAT32, as opposed to FAT16 or FAT12? Looking again at the UEFI firmware specification it states "... encompasses FAT32 for a system partition, and FAT12 or FAT16 for removable media" and that the "variant of EFI FAT to use is defined by the size of the media". So, there is no *must use FAT32* as such in the specification, although it can be inferred from the way it is written that a system partition, defined as "a contiguous grouping of sectors on the disk", will use FAT32. On removable devices (diskettes) the partition is defined to be the entire media and space limitations apply. Other removable devices may have more space and a call will be made accordingly. I suppose if you have an ESP no larger than 16 MiB (4K clusters) and you can fit all your boot manager/OS loader files in there, you would use FAT12. > What happens if the ESP is formatted FAT12 or FAT16? I expect it would/should be read by the UEFI firmware and is suitable for space limited systems. Most PC installations have GBs of space on their disks, so avoiding FAT32 wouldn't make much sense. > In some cases, ESP might be small enough that FAT32 would not be > appropriate, especially when there is only one OS installation on the disk. > > That would be the case on many MS-Windows or Mac computers, and also other > OSes when installed on a USB stick. > > Tom Right, but a USB stick is probably considered "removable media" and its space could be deemed as limited. I loosely recall AppleMac boot partitions being ~200MB and MSWindows ~300MB, but don't have a machine to hand to check right now. For most use cases even with multiple OSs installed, that's probably enough space to fit FAT32. --nextPart1855200.yKVeVyVuyW Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name="signature.asc" Content-Description: This is a digitally signed message part. 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