[gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Stephen Liu]

Hi folks,

New installation - Gentoo amd64
Guide:- Gentoo Linux AMD64 Handbook
http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml

Kernel - linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r7


# fdisk -l
/dev/hda1 * 83 System (for /boot)
/dev/hda2   83 Linux (for /)
/dev/hda3   82 swap
/dev/hda4   8e Linux LVM (for /usr /home /var /opt /tmp)

/vg/usr
/vg/home
/vg/var
/vg/opt
/vg/tmp


Installation went through quite smoothly except following problems
found:-

1)
# USE="-doc symlink" emerge gentoo-sources
.....
......
 * GNU info directory index is up-to-date.
 * IMPORTANT: 7 config files in /etc need updating.
 * Type emerge --help config to learn how to update config files.
* end *

# find /etc -iname '._cfg????_*'
No printout.  Can't find the config files to be updated.


2)
# grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab
-
cursor hanging there

# grub install /dev/hda
df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems
df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems
Could not find device for /boot: Not found or not a block device.
* end *


3)
/boot/grub/grub.conf
default 0
timeout 30

title=Gentoo linux 2.6.17.-r7
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2
* end *

Should I put (hd0,1) for my case?  I followed the sample in the guide
book.


4)
# cat /etc/fstab
# <fs>			<mountpoint>	<type>		<opts>		<dump/pass>

# NOTE: If your BOOT partition is ReiserFS, add the notail option to
opts.
/dev/BOOT		/boot		ext2		noauto,noatime	1 2
/dev/ROOT		/		ext3		noatime		0 1
/dev/SWAP		none		swap		sw		0 0
/dev/cdroms/cdrom0	/mnt/cdrom	iso9660		noauto,ro	0 0
#/dev/fd0		/mnt/floppy	auto		noauto		0 0

# NOTE: The next line is critical for boot!
proc			/proc		proc		defaults	0 0

shm			/dev/shm	tmpfs		nodev,nosuid,noexec	0 0
* end *


On reboot only a black screen displayed.  Please advise how to fix the
problem.  TIA

B.R.
SL
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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Jarry]

Stephen Liu wrote:

>  * IMPORTANT: 7 config files in /etc need updating.
>  * Type emerge --help config to learn how to update config files.
> * end *
> # find /etc -iname '._cfg????_*'
> No printout.  Can't find the config files to be updated.

Try:
# find /etc -iname '._cfg*'

> 2)
> # grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab
> -
> cursor hanging there

Why doing this??? You should edit fstab, not mtab...

> # grub install /dev/hda
> df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems
> df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems
> Could not find device for /boot: Not found or not a block device.

No wonder, see previous remark...

> 4)
> # cat /etc/fstab

That is just example which does not correspond with your layout...

> On reboot only a black screen displayed.  Please advise how to fix the
> problem.  TIA

Boot livecd, mount partitions, correct errors...

hth,
Jarry


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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Neil Bothwick]

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On Thu, 31 Aug 2006 18:27:03 +0200, Jarry wrote:

Replying here because I didn't get the original:

> Stephen Liu wrote:
> 
> >  * IMPORTANT: 7 config files in /etc need updating.
> >  * Type emerge --help config to learn how to update config files.
> > * end *
> > # find /etc -iname '._cfg????_*'
> > No printout.  Can't find the config files to be updated.
> 
> Try:
> # find /etc -iname '._cfg*'

Or even etc-update, which lists them all for you. Just don't use -5
without knowing exactly what you are doing.


-- 
Neil Bothwick

Phasers don't kill people...Unless you set them too high.

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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Richard Fish]

On 8/31/06, Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:
> # grub install /dev/hda
> df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems
> df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems
> Could not find device for /boot: Not found or not a block device.
> * end *

I assume you meant grub-install /dev/hda?

Try instead:

cat << EOF | grub
root (hd0,0)
setup (hd0)
EOF

You should see a line that says:

 Running "install /grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+18 p (hd0,0)/grub/stage2
/grub/menu.lst"... succeeded

(It is okay if the paths above are /boot/grub/foo instead of /grub/foo)

> Should I put (hd0,1) for my case?  I followed the sample in the guide
> book.

No, that would be equivalent to /dev/hda2.  Grub partition numbers
start at 0.  Your grub.conf is correct, although I would probably use:

title=Gentoo linux 2.6.17.-r7
    kernel (hd0,0)/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2

> On reboot only a black screen displayed.  Please advise how to fix the
> problem.  TIA

What do you mean?  Do you not even get the grub boot prompt?  If so,
try my grub setup instructions above...

-Richard
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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Stephen Liu]

Hi Jarry and folks,

Tks for your advice.

Booting with a LiveCD:
My problem booting with Knoppix5 is it does not support LVM, vgscan,
vgchange, etc. not available.  I can only boot with "Gentoo
install-amd64-minimal-2006.0"

After activating lv, mounting all devices, etc., coming to;
# mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
# mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
# env-update
-/bin/bash:env-update:command not found.

It did happen in my previous rounds.  Other command such as "emerge"
also found missing compelling me to wipe out the HD and to start again.
 Any suggestion.  TIA


Another problem I forgot to mention in my previous posting is;
/lib/modules
was missing

# ls -al /lib | grep modules
did not find it.


Problem about switching consoles.  After "chroot" I can't read online
manual.  Therefore I have to press [Ctrl]+[Alt]+F2 switching to another
console.  (I suppose the working console is [Ctrl]+[Alt]+F4).  But
after switching back to the working console all the work disappeared. 
It did happen occassionally but not always.  Any advice?  TIA.

B.R.
SL


--- Jarry <jarry@gmx.net> wrote:

> Stephen Liu wrote:
> 
> >  * IMPORTANT: 7 config files in /etc need updating.
> >  * Type emerge --help config to learn how to update config files.
> > * end *
> > # find /etc -iname '._cfg????_*'
> > No printout.  Can't find the config files to be updated.
> 
> Try:
> # find /etc -iname '._cfg*'
> 
> > 2)
> > # grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab
> > -
> > cursor hanging there
> 
> Why doing this??? You should edit fstab, not mtab...
> 
> > # grub install /dev/hda
> > df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems
> > df: Warning: cannot read table of mounted filesystems
> > Could not find device for /boot: Not found or not a block device.
> 
> No wonder, see previous remark...
> 
> > 4)
> > # cat /etc/fstab
> 
> That is just example which does not correspond with your layout...
> 
> > On reboot only a black screen displayed.  Please advise how to fix
> the
> > problem.  TIA
> 
> Boot livecd, mount partitions, correct errors...
> 
> hth,
> Jarry
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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Richard Fish]

Because it's confusing.




> Why shouldn't I top post?

On 8/31/06, Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:
> After activating lv, mounting all devices, etc., coming to;
> # mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
> # mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
> # env-update
> -/bin/bash:env-update:command not found.

You need to chroot to /mnt/gentoo before running etc-update:

# mount -bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
# cd /mnt/gentoo ; chroot ./ ./bin/bash
# etc-update

> It did happen in my previous rounds.  Other command such as "emerge"
> also found missing compelling me to wipe out the HD and to start again.

Also chroot needed here?

> Problem about switching consoles.  After "chroot" I can't read online
> manual.  Therefore I have to press [Ctrl]+[Alt]+F2 switching to another
> console.  (I suppose the working console is [Ctrl]+[Alt]+F4).  But
> after switching back to the working console all the work disappeared.
> It did happen occassionally but not always.  Any advice?  TIA.

I think you've gotten confused by which console you are working on.
Normally the live CD starts several consoles (6?), that are accessible
on Alt+F1 through Alt+F6.  (The Ctrl+Alt combination is only needed
when switching from X to a console).  So most likely, you were working
on tty1 (Alt+F1).

-Richard
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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Stephen Liu]

Hi Richard,

Tks for your advice.
 
> On 8/31/06, Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:
> > After activating lv, mounting all devices, etc., coming to;
> > # mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
> > # mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
> > # env-update
> > -/bin/bash:env-update:command not found.
> 
> You need to chroot to /mnt/gentoo before running etc-update:

Yes I did.  Sorry for not listing them on my previous posting.  Steps
taken previously as follows;

# cd /mnt/gentoo
# mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
# mount -o bind /dev/mnt/gentoo/dev
# chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
# env-update
-/bin/bash:env-update:command not found.

other commands also not found.


If I start again wiping out the complete HD, following the steps on the
handbook.  Then it worked seamlessly.

# env-update
>> Regenerating /etc/ld.so.cache....

I can't resolve if after exiting chroot and re-enter chroot, commands
will disappear.  I tried many times in my previous rounds.

 
> I think you've gotten confused by which console you are working on.
> Normally the live CD starts several consoles (6?), that are
> accessible
> on Alt+F1 through Alt+F6.  (The Ctrl+Alt combination is only needed
> when switching from X to a console).  So most likely, you were
> working
> on tty1 (Alt+F1).

I'm sure on my previous rounds, [Ctrl+Alt+F4] switching back to the
working console.  Sometimes all work were there.  Another time they
were lost.

I'll try your advice "Alt+F1" next time.  Tks


B.R.
SL
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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Stephen Liu]

Hi Richard and folks,

Further to my late posting, tried again still failed.  Steps performed
as follows;

After activating lv, vg, mounting device, partitions, etc.;

# cd /mnt/gentoo
# mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
# mount -o bind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
# chroot ./ ./bin/bash
All w/o complaint

# env-update
-/bin/bash:env-update:command not found

ignoring the above complaint and continued:
# source /etc/profile
# export PS1="(chroot) $PS1"
both w/o complaint

Edited /etc/fstab as follows;
/dev/hda1  /boot ext2  defaults,noatime  1 2
/dev/hda2  /  ext3  noatime  0 1
/dev/hda3  /  swap  sw  0 0

/dev/vg/usr  /usr  ext3  noatime  0 1
/dev/vg/home  /home  ext3  noatime  0 1
/dev/vg/opt  /opt  ext3  noatime  0 1
/dev/vg/var  /var  ext3  noatime  0 1
/dev/vg/tmp  /tmp  ext3  noatime  0 1

/proc  proc  default  0 0
/dev/shm  tmpfs  nodev,nosuid,noexec  0 0

/dev/cdrom  /mnt/cdrom  auto  noauto,user  0 0
/dev/cdrom1  /mnt/cdwriter  auto  noauto,user  0 0
* end *


Ran
# grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/fstab
No complaint


Exited chroot and umounted all devices and partitions.  Rebooted PC.

Still failed, only a black screen with 2 "!" scatering on it.  Neither
"grub>" displayed.

Tks


B.R.
SL
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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Richard Fish]

On 8/31/06, Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:
> Edited /etc/fstab as follows;
> /dev/hda1  /boot ext2  defaults,noatime  1 2

Does this filesystem contain a grub directory with stage2, menu.lst
(or grub.conf), etc?  What does grub/{menu.lst,grub.conf} contain?

> # grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/fstab

Um...you mean ">/etc/mtab", right?  Otherwise your fstab is going to
contain things that are not really necessary, like usbfs and sysfs
filesystems....

Anyway, this step is really not even necessary even with mtab, as
Gentoo will fix it when you boot.


> Still failed, only a black screen with 2 "!" scatering on it.  Neither
> "grub>" displayed.

Did you install grub?  If so, did you use grub-install or my previous
instructions?  What output did you get from that?  I guess try
re-installing grub.

-Richard
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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Stephen Liu]

Hi Richard,

After entering chroot environment re-installed grub;

# cat << EOF | grub
> root (hd0,0)
> setup (hd0)
EOF

Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+16 p
(hd0,0)/boot/grub/stage2 /boot/grub/menu.lst"... succeeded


Exited chroot and umount everythings.  Rebooted PC.

Grub started but ending at;
root (hd0,0)
Filesystem type is ext2fs  Partition type 0x83
kernel (hd0,0)/boot/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2
Error 15:File not found.
Press any key to contiue


Restarted PC and entered chroot environment again.  Found
/usr/src/linux file missing.  It should be symbolic-linked to -->
linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r7


Failed to re-run 
# USE="-doc symlink" emerge gentoo-sources
because "emerge" command not found.


Further discovery: new /etc/fstab
tmpfs /newroot tmpfs rw 0 0
/dev/hdd /newroot/mnt/cdrom iso9660 ro 0 0
/dev/loop/0 /newroot/mnt/livecd squashfs ro 0 0
proc /newroot/proc proc rw,nodiratime 0 0
sysfs /newroot/sys sysfs rw 0 0
udev /newroot/dev tmpfs rw,nosuid 0 0
devpts /newroot/dev/pts devpts rw 0 0
cachedir /newroot/mnt/livecd/lib64/splash/cache tmpfs rw 0 0
tmpfs /newroot/mnt/livecd/lib64/splash/tmp tmpfs rw 0 0
tmpfs /newroot/mnt/livecd/lib64/firmware tmpfs rw 0 0
tmpfs /newroot/mnt/livecd/usr/portage tmpfs rw 0 0
usbfs /newroot/proc/bus/usb usbfs rw 0 0
/dev/hda2 / ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 rw,nogrpid 0 0
/dev/vg/usr /usr ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
/dev/vg/home /home ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
/dev/vg/var /var ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
/dev/vg/opt /opt ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
/dev/vg/tmp /tmp ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0
none /proc proc rw,nodiratime 0 0
udev /dev tmpfs rw,nosuid 0 0
* end *

Would it be the result of previously running;
# grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/fstab


Tks


B.R.
SL




--- Richard Fish <bigfish@asmallpond.org> wrote:

> On 8/31/06, Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:
> > Edited /etc/fstab as follows;
> > /dev/hda1  /boot ext2  defaults,noatime  1 2
> 
> Does this filesystem contain a grub directory with stage2, menu.lst
> (or grub.conf), etc?  What does grub/{menu.lst,grub.conf} contain?
> 
> > # grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/fstab
> 
> Um...you mean ">/etc/mtab", right?  Otherwise your fstab is going to
> contain things that are not really necessary, like usbfs and sysfs
> filesystems....
> 
> Anyway, this step is really not even necessary even with mtab, as
> Gentoo will fix it when you boot.
> 
> 
> > Still failed, only a black screen with 2 "!" scatering on it. 
> Neither
> > "grub>" displayed.
> 
> Did you install grub?  If so, did you use grub-install or my previous
> instructions?  What output did you get from that?  I guess try
> re-installing grub.
> 
> -Richard
> -- 
> gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
> 
> 

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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Richard Fish]

On 8/31/06, Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:
> Grub started but ending at;
> root (hd0,0)
> Filesystem type is ext2fs  Partition type 0x83
> kernel (hd0,0)/boot/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2
> Error 15:File not found.
> Press any key to contiue

Normally there is a symlink from /boot/boot -> /boot, so that you can
use a /boot path even with a separate filesystem.  However, I think it
is better to use the actual paths of the files,

So try specifying the paths without the /boot/ part.  So your boot
entry would look like:

title Gentoo linux 2.6.17.-r7
   kernel (hd0,0)/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2

> Restarted PC and entered chroot environment again.  Found
> /usr/src/linux file missing.  It should be symbolic-linked to -->
> linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r7

/usr/src/linux should be a symlink to a kernel _source_ tree, not a
compiled kernel.  So probably more like /usr/src/linux ->
/usr/src/linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r7.  This has nothing to do with booting
however.

> Would it be the result of previously running;
> # grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/fstab

Um, yeah.

-Richard

PS: please stop top-posting.
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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Stephen Liu]

Hi Richard,

Further to my late posting, after mounting
# mount /dev/hda2 /mnt/gentoo
# mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/gentoo/boot

Ran
# ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot
boot -> .
grub
lost+found
# ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot/boot
boot -> .
grub
lost+found
# ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot/boot/boot
boot -> .
grub
lost+found
# ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot/boot/boot/boot
boot -> .
grub
lost+found

It looks to me quite funny.  It seems continue endlessly.  boot was
symlink to "."

There was no kernel nor bzimage there.

B.R.
SL


--- Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:

> Hi Richard,
> 
> < snip >
> 
> > So try specifying the paths without the /boot/ part.  So your boot
> > entry would look like:
> > 
> > title Gentoo linux 2.6.17.-r7
> >    kernel (hd0,0)/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2
> 
> Tried;
> kernel (hd0,0)/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2
> and
> kernel /kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7 root=/dev/hda2
> 
> Still the same "file not found"
> 
> 
> kernel version was previously found by running;
> # ls -l /usr/src/linux
> ............ /usr/sru/linux -> linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r7
> 
> Others noted with tks.
> 
> 
> > PS: please stop top-posting.
> 
> Sorry I don't follow.  Please advise.  This is webmail direct from
> Yahoo site.  I checked the mail option and could not find any
> top-posting option there.
> 
> B.R.
> SL
> -- 
> gentoo-user@gentoo.org mailing list
> 
> 

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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Richard Fish]

On 9/1/06, Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:
> Ran
> # ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot
> boot -> .
> grub
> lost+found

Well, this is why you cannot boot.  You do not have a kernel image in /boot.

Are you actually _following_ the guide that you posted a link to
originally, because you seem to have missed[1]:

"""
When the kernel has finished compiling, copy the kernel image to
/boot. Use whatever name you feel is appropriate for your kernel
choice and remember it as you will need it later on when you configure
your bootloader. Remember to replace kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 with the
name and version of your kernel.

Code Listing 13: Installing the kernel

# cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5
"""

> It looks to me quite funny.  It seems continue endlessly.  boot was
> symlink to "."

No, this is normal.  It is to allow people to use hd(X,Y)/boot/kernel,
even if hd(X,Y) is the "/boto" filesystem.

> There was no kernel nor bzimage there.

Yes, you need to compile and install a kernel.

> > PS: please stop top-posting.
>
> Sorry I don't follow.  Please advise.  This is webmail direct from
> Yahoo site.  I checked the mail option and could not find any
> top-posting option there.
>

Top-posting[2] means that you are inserting your message above
mine...and fully quoting my message.  It means that if somebody wants
to read this thread in the archives, they will have to read it
starting at the bottom for it to make sense.  It also means you are
sending out a lot more text to the other subscribers on this list than
you need to be, because you are sending my message in it's
entirety...and the other subscribers have already received that.

On this list, bottom-posting or interleaved replies is the normal
format.  So for yahoo,  first delete out any parts of the quoted
message that you are not responding to.  Then insert your responses
below.

[1] http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=1&chap=7
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top-posting

HTH,
-Richard
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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Stephen Liu]

Hi Richard,

> On 9/1/06, Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:
> > Ran
> > # ls -l /mnt/gentoo/boot
> > boot -> .
> > grub
> > lost+found
> 
> Well, this is why you cannot boot.  You do not have a kernel image in
> /boot.
> 
> Are you actually _following_ the guide that you posted a link to
> originally, because you seem to have missed[1]:
> 
> """
> When the kernel has finished compiling, copy the kernel image to
> /boot. Use whatever name you feel is appropriate for your kernel
> choice and remember it as you will need it later on when you
> configure
> your bootloader. Remember to replace kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 with the
> name and version of your kernel.
> 
> Code Listing 13: Installing the kernel
> 
> # cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5
> """
> 
> > It looks to me quite funny.  It seems continue endlessly.  boot was
> > symlink to "."

I completed all steps listed there at least in 2 rounds.  I found;
# ls -l /usr/src/linux
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root   root    12 Oct 13 11:04 /usr/src/linux ->
linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r7

there.  But now it disppears.  I don't know why?.  Even I can't find
the directory "src" after chroot.  Another directory I failed to find
was "modules".  I ran;

# find / -name src -type d
and
# find / -name modules -type d
Both no printout

and could not find it.  Beside the command "env-update", emerge, etc.
were not found on "bash".

I think I have to run another round again wiping out the complete HD.


Another thing, what did you mean "...Use whatever name you feel is
appropriate for your kernel choice and remember it as you will need it
later on when you configure your bootloader. Remember to replace
kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 with the name and version of your kernel." 

I used "kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r7" previously.

Tks.

B.R.
SL
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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Richard Fish]

On 9/1/06, Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:
> I think I have to run another round again wiping out the complete HD.

Yeah, I think so...

> Another thing, what did you mean "...Use whatever name you feel is
> appropriate for your kernel choice and remember it as you will need it
> later on when you configure your bootloader. Remember to replace
> kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 with the name and version of your kernel."

When you compile the kernel, it is going to build a file called
bzImage, that you have to copy to /boot.  But it is very rare to copy
it to /boot/bzImage...most linux users will rename the file to
something else.  Some people (and helper scripts like genkernel)
prefer to use the full version of the kernel, so if you build a kernel
from gentoo-sources-2.6.17-r5, you might:

cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r5
... or ...
cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.17-gentoo-r5
... or ...
cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/mykernel-17r5

It is usually a good idea to keep a backup kernel in /boot that you
can use in case a kernel upgrade goes wrong.  So I usually keep 2
kernels, /boot/vmlinuz-2.6 and /boot/vmlinuz-safe.  Once I know that
vmlinuz-2.6 boots and works reliably, I will copy it to -safe.

The second part about remembering the name for your boot loader refers
to your menu.lst/grub.conf entries.  You must specify the actual name
that you copied your kernel image to, or (as you already saw), you
will get a "file not found" when you try to boot.

So if you copy bzImage to /boot/vmlinuz-2.6, you must use an entry like:

title Whatever
    kernel hd(0,0)/vmlinuz-2.6 ...

The title doesn't really matter, but the "kernel" line needs to
reference your actual kernel file.

Clear?

-Richard
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[gentoo-user] Re: Gentoo failed to start

[Harm Geerts]

On Saturday 02 September 2006 03:52, Richard Fish wrote:
> On 9/1/06, Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:
> > I think I have to run another round again wiping out the complete HD.
>
> Yeah, I think so...
>
> > Another thing, what did you mean "...Use whatever name you feel is
> > appropriate for your kernel choice and remember it as you will need it
> > later on when you configure your bootloader. Remember to replace
> > kernel-2.6.17-gentoo-r5 with the name and version of your kernel."
>
> When you compile the kernel, it is going to build a file called
> bzImage, that you have to copy to /boot.  But it is very rare to copy
> it to /boot/bzImage...most linux users will rename the file to
> something else.  Some people (and helper scripts like genkernel)
> prefer to use the full version of the kernel, so if you build a kernel
> from gentoo-sources-2.6.17-r5, you might:
>
> cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/linux-2.6.17-gentoo-r5
> ... or ...
> cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.17-gentoo-r5
> ... or ...
> cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/mykernel-17r5
>
> It is usually a good idea to keep a backup kernel in /boot that you
> can use in case a kernel upgrade goes wrong.  So I usually keep 2
> kernels, /boot/vmlinuz-2.6 and /boot/vmlinuz-safe.  Once I know that
> vmlinuz-2.6 boots and works reliably, I will copy it to -safe.

This can also be done with installkernel from sys-apps/debianutils

>From it's manpage:
installkernel installs a new kernel image onto the system from the Linux 
source tree. It is called by the Linux kernel makefiles when "make install" 
is invoked there.

The new kernel is installed into {directory}/vmlinuz-{version}, a link is made 
from {directory}/vmlinuz to the new  kernel, and the previously  installed 
kernel is available as {directory}/vmlinuz.old.

> The second part about remembering the name for your boot loader refers
> to your menu.lst/grub.conf entries.  You must specify the actual name
> that you copied your kernel image to, or (as you already saw), you
> will get a "file not found" when you try to boot.
>
> So if you copy bzImage to /boot/vmlinuz-2.6, you must use an entry like:
>
> title Whatever
>     kernel hd(0,0)/vmlinuz-2.6 ...
>
> The title doesn't really matter, but the "kernel" line needs to
> reference your actual kernel file.

For grub.conf you can use the symlinks installkernel creates (vmlinuz and 
vmlinuz.old). Now you'll never have to change your grub config again, just 
make sure /boot is mounted ;)

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Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo failed to start

[Nick Rout]

On Sat, 2 Sep 2006 00:01:59 +0800 (CST)
Stephen Liu <satimis@yahoo.com> wrote:

> It looks to me quite funny.  It seems continue endlessly.  boot was
> symlink to "."

that is perfectly normal. 
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